司晓:“数字中国”如何影响实体中国的发展

 

　　本文根据信息社会50人论坛成员，腾讯研究院秘书长、公共战略研究部总经理司晓博士在“2015北大-牛津-斯坦福互联网法律与政策研讨会”上的演讲翻译整理，英文原文附后。

 

尊敬的女士们、先生们：

　　很荣幸收到邀请参加今天的研讨会，作关于互联网+的演讲。

　　中国的增长故事，首先是一个很好的故事，30年里年均GDP实际增速超过10%，是全球增长最快的主要经济体，7亿人脱贫。其次，中国的增长故事有双重含义，一重是实体经济快速增长，另一重是虚拟经济、数字中国以更快的速度增长。前一重大家说的很多，后一重含义说的就很少。最后，中国增长故事还有一部分从来没有被提及。就是数字中国如何影响实体中国的增长。这，是今天演讲的重点。

　　随着越来越多的中国人进入数字世界，数字中国给现实生活带来的影响与日俱增。特别是在移动互联网的时代。

　　在过去20年里，由于中国涌现出了包括华为、中兴和小米等在内的互联网公司，电信基础设施的成本降低了90%。一个优质的国产智能手机只需100美金。由此，移动网络用户的数量在中国迅速增长。截止2014年底，中国有6亿网民，成为全球网民数量最多的第三大国家。

　　目前，中国网民的日常生活都能通过手机解决，包括购物、订酒店、叫出租车以及支付各种账单。

　　中国互联网公司输出的不仅是各类App，更是一种智能的生活方式。

　　以微信为例，微信是腾讯公司于2011年发布的社交软件，用户数达到1个亿仅用了433天的时间，刷新了当时的世界纪录。然而，用户从1亿增长到2亿，仅仅用了2个月。如今，微信的月活跃用户数为6.5亿。有超过2亿张银行卡绑定了微信支付。

　　微信支付开始渗入中国的传统文化。例如，人们开始通过微信发红包。在中国文化中，Hong代表红色，bao表示信封。在特殊的节庆日，中国人喜欢把一定数量的现金放入红色的信封中，分发给亲朋好友以传递快乐和幸福。总体而言，老一辈的人应该给年轻一辈人红包。在中国的南方，例如广州，结婚的人应该给没有结婚的人红包；老板给员工发红包。在2015年春节期间，仅一天，就有超过十亿的红包通过微信支付发出。刚开始时，人们认为这个记录会保持一年直到下一个新年。但事实上该记录只维持了6个月。在中秋节当天，有22亿的红包通过微信发出。现在，红包已然成为微信的一个标签。这个例子展示了手机支付在中国的流行程度，同时也是互联网+文化的绝佳例子。

　　一方面，用户倾向于用微信支付购物并支付。另一方面，商场利用微信作为他们的社交平台来吸引更多的顾客并提升销售额。

　　iBeacon是腾讯新推出的一款小巧的设备，售价仅为10英镑左右，电量足够使用一整年。如果你是一位线下的零售商，拥有了iBeacon，周围的顾客都可以通过使用微信的“摇一摇”功能轻松的找到你，并且获得关于商品打折信息和你推送的任何信息，如果他们觉得你足够有吸引力的话，就可以关注你的微信公众账号。不同于以往的是，线下商家获得的不仅是顾客的一次购物，更是线上的客户，自己也变身为电子商家。这是中国每天都在发生的事情，我们称之为O2O，也就是online-to-offline，线上对线下。如果我现在有iBeacon，你就可以摇一摇手机获取正在演示的ppt，非常有趣。

　　一些政府部门，例如派出所；公共服务机构，例如医院，都使用我们的微信向“顾客”提供服务，甚至慈善机构也使用我们的平台来筹资。用户可以捐赠的不仅仅是钱，还有他们的步数，具体机制是，如果你一天走一万步以上，公益机构就会得到一小笔捐赠，走得越多就可以捐得越多，这项创举也意在鼓励人们多多锻炼。

　　数字中国是互联网+的基础。

　　腾讯的CEO马化腾首先提出“互联网+”的概念，他用这个词描述互联网和传统产业的关系。同时也鼓励传统产业用移动网络来升级它们的产业。很幸运的是，政府也认可这个概念并提升为国家战略。国务院总理李克强指出，“制定‘互联网+’行动计划，推动移动互联网、云计算、大数据、物联网等与现代制造业结合。”

　　这释放出很明显的信息：移动互联网应该会成为未来经济增长的引擎和基础，互联网公司也应该帮助传统公司更新他们的商业模式。

　　这在对中国的互联网公司一个很高的期望，对吧？

　　但实际上我们认为，我们不仅能在商业和银行业这样的经济领域发挥作用，利用移动互联，我们还能够使中国效率低下的公共服务系统得到改进。

　　我们也相信，移动互联也是对抗在中国虽有改善但仍较普遍的社会不公与贫困的有力武器。

　　我们相信，以上是互联网+行动两个真正的使命。

　　对于第一个使命，互联网已经改变了中国的公共服务图景。在人口庞大、公共服务资源相对有限的情况下，满足国民对公共服务要求的唯一方式就是，发挥公共服务系统的全部能力。

　　我举个例子相信大家就能明白。武汉市交警在我们的平台上开设了一个账号，武汉居民在这个平台上缴纳交通罚款只需要60秒。而在以前，这样的缴费需要几个小时甚至几天，因为你需要在银行和交警大队之间来回跑。这样一个简单的改进，一年可以节约140万小时，300个警察可以从他们繁杂的日常工作中解放出来。

　　我昨天享受了一次愉快的牛津之旅，我们的导游是一位学历史的牛津学生，他的导游工作做得很棒，因为他对牛津相当的了解，我们也从他的讲解中收获颇多。

　　这段精彩的体验让我想起上周我们利用移动互联网游览了我的家乡。如果你对中国历史感兴趣的话应该听说过开封，它是包括宋朝在内的八朝古都。当地政府在其微信公众号上开设了语音专栏讲述“开封故事”。所有游客都可以通过扫描建筑物、街道或其他名胜附近的二维码进入公众帐号收听语音专栏，每个人也可以讲述自己与这栋建筑的故事。这些都是真实的故事，我们很高兴地看到有很多在外地求学的学生甚至海外移民都以极大热情参与到这项活动中。这就是我们所谓的“互联网+旅游业”或“互联网+文化”。如果牛津大学也能有这项公共服务的话就再好不过了，这样所有的游客都能有机会听到全世界的牛津毕业生所分享的牛津故事。

　　根据腾讯研究院今年早些时候的一项研究数据，2014年微信上已经有超过4万个公共服务账号。而在今年九月，这个数字在短短9个月里已经翻倍，达到8万个，提供大约800项公共服务，覆盖68个城市，大约两亿人口。

　　每个账号有平均3.6万个活跃的订阅者。我们定义每三个月至少与账号管理者互动一次的订阅者为“活跃”的订阅者。通过简单的计算，每一季度有至少30亿次的互动。

　　互联网+公共服务正在高速发展。

　　对于第二个使命，我们的工作是细致的，但也是根本性的。

　　我去了铜关很多次。当地人唱歌很棒，几百年来他们都像这样为纯粹的快乐唱歌。但是这是第一次他们可以从唱歌获得乐趣以外的东西。

　　互联网+农村才开始，事实上，互联网+才刚开始。

　　这是我们制作的关于互联网+行动计划的地图。

　　以下列举的是几个具有代表性的数据。

　　今年第三方支付预计将达到11.8万亿元， 2014年是8.1万亿。 移动支付占到了其80%。

　　腾讯的开放平台吸引了超过5百万的开发者，他们中70%都是怀揣梦想的年轻人，他们希望能发展成像阿里巴巴、百度和腾讯一样的大型互联网公司。

　　互联网公司现在成为中国原创歌手、作家和自媒体的主要收入来源。

　　我们正在建立健康和可持续的生态环境。在所有人的共同努力下，我们可以让未来的世界变的更好，其中的关键就是“互联网+”。

　　谢谢大家。

附

 

根据现场英文演讲整理

“Internet +”: Just the Beginning

　　Ladies and gentlemen, it is my great honor, to be invited here to deliver a speech about Internet+.

　　The growth story of china is too good of a story: In the past three decades, China was the world's fastest-growing major economy, with growth rates averaging 10%. During the same time, close to 700 mil. Chinese were lifted from extreme poverty.

The growth story of China is twofold. The first is easy to observe, the dizzying growth of real GDP. The second, the growth of digital China, has also drew some attention, but far from the fair share it deserves.

　　Moreover, there is an untold story. As more and more Chinese people are involved into the digital world, the impact of digital China on the real one increases rapidly.

　　This is particularly true in the mobile internet era.

　　Thanks for the Chinese IT firms such as Huawei, ZTE, and Xiaomi, the price of mobile devices dropped over 90% in the last twenty years. A nicely made in China smartphone could be as cheap as $100.

　　As a result, the population of mobile internet subscribers explored in China. By the end of 2014, there were 600mil. mobile netizens in China. This is the third largest population around the globe.

　　Now, the Chinese netizens’ daily routine is to shop, book hotel, grab taxi, pay all kinds of bills through their mobile phones.

　　Guess　what.　Chinese　internet companies produce more than just some simple apps. We produce a hub of Chinese smart life.

　　Take Wechat as an example . Tencent launched Wechat as a social network app in 2011. In 433 days, its registered user reached 100 mil. A world record at that time. Guess what, it only took 2 month to reach it’s second 100mil.. By now, Wechat enjoyed a monthly active user base of 650 mil. More than 200 mil. bank cards were bound with Wechat-pay.

　　And wechat-pay started to penetrate into Chinese traditions. For example, people start to send hongbao through wechat-pay. In Chinese, Hong means red and bao means envelop. On special celebrative days, Chinese people would wrap up some small amount of cash into a red envelop. And then hand those envelops to intimate ones to share the happiness. Generally, the old generation should give the young ones, In south party of China, like guangodng, those who married should give hongbao to those who not, boss should give employees. During the past Chinese Spring Festive, just that single day, over one billion hongbao were sent through wechat-pay. At first, everyone thought this record would last at least a year till the next Chinese New Year. But it turn out that the record lasted only six months, that latest one is 2.2 billion hongbao at Mid-Autumn day. Nowdays hongbao has become sort of stickers at wechat. It is a wonderful example to show how popular mobile payment is in China, and also a good example of Internet + culture.

　　One the one hand, consumers tend to use Wechat to pay their bills and buy stuffs. On the other hand, shopping malls use Wechat as a social platform to get their customers and promote sales.

　　If you are an offline retailer, with a single little device Ibecone, it’ only around 10 pounds, with the battery capacity as long as a whole year, customs nearby will find you easily just through shaking their phone on wechat, the information like what’s on sale or anything you push is easy to disseminate. then they can follow you wechat account if you are attractive enough. In this way, it’s not just a single purchase as it used to be, the offline retailer get online customers, and become a e-commerce one. This is what’s happing every day in China, offline to online , what we called O2O. If I have Ibecone with me today, you can shaking your phone to get the slide I’m using now, interesting, right?

　　Some government agencies, like the police stations; public service providers, like hospitals, they all use Wechat to serve their customers. Even Charity foundations raise money through our platform. It is not just donating money, wechat users can even donate their steps to a charity. The mechanism is like this: a sponsor will donate a small amount of money if you walk over 10 thousand steps in a day. The more you walk the more they donate. This is also an innovative way of encouraging people to do more exercises.

　　The digital China, serves as the foundation of “Internet +”

　　“Internet +” was firstly raised by our CEO Pony, he use this word to describe the relationship between internet and traditional industry, and encourage them to use mobile internet to upgrade their business. Fortunately, the government took this word as a national strategy, according to our Prime Minister Li, “Internet +” is an action plan that encourage the converge of mobile internet, cloud computing, big data, IOT with the modern manufacturing industries.”

　　The message is clear. Mobile internet should be served as the engine and the infrastructure of future economic growth. Internet companies should help brick and mortar companies to upgrade their business models.

　　A high hope for the Chinese internet companies, isn’t it?

　　But we actually think that, We are more than just about economies, like commerce and banking. With the help of mobile internet, we can turn around the often inefficient public services in China.

　　We also believe that mobile internet could be a powerful weapon to combat inequality and poverty, which is much better now but still pervasive in China.

　　These are the two true missions behind the action plan of “internet +”, we believe.

　　Internet + has changed the landscape of public services in China. With a huge population, and the relatively limited public service resources we have, the only way to fulfill the demands is making the public service system runs at its full potential.

　　Let me give you an example. You can easily get what I mean, Wuhan traffic police has opened an account on our social platform. Residents of Wuhan can pay their fines as fast as only 60 seconds now. But back in the old days, however, such a fine payment may take hours or even days, because you should go back and forth to the traffic police station and bank. This simple improvement could save as many as 1.4 mil. hours a year. Three hundred policemen are freed from their tedious daily routine.

　　I've enjoyed a tour of Oxford campus yesterday. Our guide is an Oxford student majored in history, he did really a good job. It seems he knows this place inside out very well and we all learned a lot.

　　My fantastic experience reminds me how we do these tourism last week in my hometown with the help of mobile internet. Kaifeng, you may head it before if you are interested in China history, It was the capital city of 8 Dynasties including the famous Song dynasty, the local government opened a voice column on their Wechat public account for the local citizen to tell Kaifeng tale. Any visitors can open this voice column by scanning a QR code attached to a building, street or any place of interest. Then anyone who lived there can tell his or her stories with the building. These are all true stories, we are happy to find that students who study in other cities or even migration overseas all participate with great enthusiasm. That's what we called Internet + tourism or Internet + culture. I think it would be great that Oxford will have this public service in the near future so that all the visitors here may enjoy the stories shared by the Oxford graduates all around the world.

　　According to a research conducted by us, Tencent Research Institute earlier this year, there were over 40 thousand public services accounts on WeChat in 2014. By the end of this September, this number had been doubled to 80 thousand, within only nine months. Around 800 public services are available in 68 cities, covered 200 million population.

　　Each account enjoys an average of 36 thousand active followers. We define “active” as the follower interacted with the account manager at least once every three months. So, you could do a simple math. That there were at least 3 billion interaction went every quarter.

　　Internet + public services is on its fast track of development.

　　About the second mission. What we could do are subtle but fundamental.

　　I’ve been to Tong Guan many times. Their singing is amazing. And they have been singing like this for hundreds of years, for fun, and fun only. But first time by these hundreds of years, they could make something out of it, to make singing more than just fun.

　　Its just the beginning of internet + villages,Actually, it is just the beginning of internet +

　　This is a roadmap we made of internet+ action plan.

　　Just some stylized facts.

　　Online payments are expected to hit 11.8 trillion Yuan this year, up from 8.1 trillon in 2014. Mobile payments account for about 60 % of this total.

　　Tencent open platform has attracted over 5 mil. developers, nearly 70% of them are young individuals with a dream to grow into big internet companies like Alibaba Baidu or Tencent.

　　Internet companies now are the main source of incomes for Chinese song writers, authors, and self-medias.

　　We are building up a healthy and sustainable ecosystem. With all partners, big or small, we could help china to migrate into a better place to live in.

　　And the key, could be what we called “internet +”

　　That’ all, Thank you!